高危儿的临床经过及预后分析

The clinical course and prognosis of high-risk infants.

目的 通过分析高危儿的临床经过 ,探讨高危儿监护的必要性及其意义。方法 回顾性分析本院实行高危儿系统管理后的高危儿转归 ,并与同期非高危儿的患病率、危重症发生率及其他常见并发症发生率进行比较。结果 前 3位高危因素分别是早产、窒息和巨大儿。其中由早产所致并发症最多 ,危重症发生率最高。高危儿组的患病率、危重症发生率及合并高胆红素血症、代谢紊乱、感染等并发症分别为 5 7 8% ,12 6 % ,2 5 7% ,2 0 1%和 8 9%。而观察组相应为 12 % ,0 2 4 % ,3 2 % ,0 4 8% ,0 8%。各指标间差异均有非常显著性 (所有P <0 0 0 1)。结论 高危儿监护十分必要 ,不仅可以降低死亡率 ,而且可以改善预后。

Objective:To explore the necessity and significance of high-risk infant monitoring by analysing their clinical course and prognosis. Method :358 high-risk infants from 2888 deliveries in this hospital from Jan.2001 to Mar.2002 were reviewed. 2509 infants without high-risk factors during the same period was classified into control group. Results: The top three high-risk factors were premature ,asphyxia and macrosomia. The premature infants were with most complications and most serious cases .The morbidity rate, the number of serious cases, hyperbilirubinimia, metabolic disorders in high-risk infant group were very significantly higher than those in control group (57 8% vs 12%, 12 6% vs 0 24%, 25 7% vs 3 2%, 20 1% vs 0 48%, 8 9% vs 0 8%;respectively, all P<0 001). Conclusion:The monitoring for high-risk infants is very necessary. It can not only decrease the mortality rate but also improve the prognosis of high-risk infants.