血液病患者医院感染的病原学分析

Analysis of Nosocomial Infection Pathogens in Patients with Haematological Diseases

〔目的〕了解我院血液科医院感染的情况 ,并对病原菌加以分析 ,探讨对策。〔方法〕应用回顾性调查分析方法 ,对我科 1997～ 2 0 0 2年血液病患者中 5 61株病原菌进行统计分析。〔结果〕 6年间感染病原菌总体分布G +菌有逐渐上升趋势 ;G +菌、G -菌、真菌感染分别为 2 8.2 %、62 .2 %、9.6% ;前五位分别为 :大肠埃希杆菌占 11.6%、铜绿色假单胞菌占 8.9%、肺炎克雷伯菌占 8.2 %、阴沟肠杆菌占 8.2 %、肠球菌占 7.5 %。〔结论〕血液病患者是医院感染的高危人群 ,应作为重点监测对象 ;感染与多种因素有关 ,主要是自身免疫功能低下 ;应加强免疫保护及合理应用抗生素。

Objective To investigate the situation of the nosocomial infection on the patients with haematological diseases in our hospital,make the analysis of pathogens, and explore the solutions of the infection.〔Methods〕 The method of retrospective investigation and analysis is employed.561 pathogens are sampled from the patients with haematological diseases in the period of 1997-2002.〔Results〕 The gram-positive cocci infection of the pathogens infection is found to go up gradually during the 6 years. The rate of infection with gram-positive cocci,gram-negative bacilli and fungus is 28.2%, 62.2% and 9.6% respectively. For the details,Escherichia coli accounts for the highest rate of infection with 11.6%, followed by Pseudomons aeruginosa with 8.9%,Klebsiella pneumoniae with 8.2%,Enterobacter cloacae with 8.2%,Enterococci with 7.5%.〔Conclusions〕 The patiens with haematological diseases who are the high-risk group of nosocomial infection should be monitored seriously. Infection is related to many factors,and the main factor is the low autoimmune function. The strategies should be explored to strengthen the immune protection and develop reasonable usage of antibiotics.