论文学人类学批评的审美性路径

The Aesthetic Approaches of the Literary Anthropological Criticism

文学批评"人类学转向"取代"语言学转折"的困境在于如何寻求和体现文学的审美价值意义。事实上,审美本质探索与人类本质问询二者本来是统一的,传统的文学人类学批评审美性缺失的原因在于将"人类性"当作了"先验的存在",对人的本质力量的探索走向了抽象浮泛。将"人类性"看作是"历史的建构",阐发作品关于人类本质的独特言说,应是文学人类学批评的审美性路径。

In literary criticism, the predicament of the substitution of 'linguistic approach' by 'anthropological orientation' suggests the process of how to embody the aesthetic value of literature. In fact, the exploration of aesthetic nature is an integral part of the exploration of human nature. The aesthetic default of traditional literary anthropological criticism lies with its treatment of 'humanity'as 'transcendental existence' and the abstraction of the exploration of human power. A proper aesthetic approach of literary anthropological criticism requires the treatment of 'humanity'as 'historical construction,' and the exposition of the unique nature of humans by the text itself.