四倍体白菜热优2号的选育

BREEDING OF A TETRAPLOID CULTIVAR WITH HEAT RESISTANT AND FAST GROWING CHARACTERISTICS OF CHINESE CABBAGE——REYOU No.2

用0.4%秋水仙素水溶液,处理短白梗白菜幼苗500株。筛选出两个同源四倍体突变系,组合采种定名为热优2号.株高、叶片、叶柄以及单株重皆超过亲本二倍体;另外,菜秧期的生长速度比亲本快62.3%,比矮杂1号快51.9%;大田期平均比矮杂1号快12.9%.两年的品比试验:作为伏菜秧栽培,平均产量比矮杂1号增32.9%;育苗移栽的汤菜,平均较矮杂1号减产8.8%.3年的生产试验,比对照平均增产23.9%.两年的省内、6个点的试验,平均增产27.2%.品质与亲本相比:VC 增加11.3%,粗蛋白增3.1%,水分增加1.2%,必需氨基酸有5种得到提高,共增2.1%,粗纤维减少8.9%.

2 available mutant strains of autotetraploid were obtained.Tetraploid exceeded diploid inplant height,length,width and thickness of leaf blade,and weight of single plant.In addition,the growthspeed of tetraploid was double that of the parents and was 1.519 times that of Dwarf Hybrid No.1(DHNo.1)in seedling stage.It was increased by 12.9% compared with that of DH No.1 in the growing period inthe field.Two year experiments of variety comparision showed that the yields of tetraploid cultivar Reyou No.2(RY No.2)grown for 15～20 days was increased by 32.9% as compared with that of DH No.1.Two-yearmultiple experiments showed that the yield was increased by 27.2%,and three-year experiments of produc-tion indicated that it was increased by 23.9%.A comparision betweed tetraploid and diploid indicated that the content of vitamin C,coarse protein,water,and five essiential amino acids of the former was increased by 11.3%,3.1%,1.2% and 2.1%,respectively,while the content of coarse fibre reduced by 8.9%.