清初“中国礼仪之争”的文化学再反思——兼与安希孟先生商榷

Cultural Reflection on the "Chinese Rites Controversy" in the Early Days of Qing Dynasty

"中国礼仪之争"是清初中国文化与基督教文化的一次大碰撞。由于种种复杂的历史原因,基督教修会间的争论发展成为罗马教皇与中国皇帝之间的政教之争。中西文化传统对宗教的不同理解使二者之间的分歧无法调解,罗马教廷的武断强硬态度最终使矛盾激化为抗争,导致了清王朝的禁教政策。"中国礼仪之争"的结果对中国的现代化进程产生了深远的负面影响。

The 'Chinese Rites Controversy' is a great hit of Chinese culture and Christian culture in the early days of Qing dynasty. For various historical reasons, the controversy among Christian orders becomes that of politics and religion between Chinese emperors and Roman Popes. The divergence cannot be mediated for the different understanding of religion in Chinese and western cultural tradition. The subjective and uncompromising attitude of Roman Vatican finally makes the contradiction intensified into resistance, which leads to the prohibition of religion in Qing Dynasty. The result of the 'Chinese Rites Controversy' exerts a farreaching negative influence on the process of Chinese modernization.