死魂灵求仕的血泪文章——蒲松龄笔下的书生形象

The Pursuit of the Dead′s Spirits for Scholarly Honor and Official Rank: Intellectuals′ Images Created by PU Song ling

蒲松龄创造了死魂灵求仕的文学格式,以冥界为主、以仙乡、妖域为辅,将日常取士现象加以想象性升华。设幻为文,死魂灵为功名滞世,鬼王割书生髀肉,鬼僧以鼻嗅文,阴司名士厉鬼报仇….鬼影憧憧,怪诞不情。它们对现实中取士制的凸现,却比任何照相式实录刻骨而尽相,蒲松龄烛及了前辈作家才能未能触及的角落,是对古代小说的重要贡献。

PU Songling created a unique genre of literature which effectively depicts the pursuit of the dead′s spirits for scholarly honor and official rank. It is an organic combination of imagination and reality, with the system of selecting governmental officials in ancient China as the target of attack. His depictions are more incisive and revealing than any truthful descriptions by any other writers. PU Songling exposed ruthlessly the evils of society which his predecessors had never touched upon, and he contributed a lot to the development of the novel in ancient China.