生态材料——保护人类健康及生存环境的新兴材料(综述)

Ecological materials-a novel kind of material protecting the health and environment of human being

材料和能源的大量消耗造成了全球范围内的环境的迅速恶化,严重威胁了人类自身的健康。针对这一现状和材料产业的发展趋势,生态材料概念被提出,即那些具有良好使用性能或功能,并对资源和能源消耗少,对生态与环境污染小,再生利用率高或可降解循环利用,在制备、使用、废弃直到再生循环利用的整个过程中,都与环境协调共存的一大类材料,是具有保护人类健康及环境保护功能的一类新兴材料。本文分析了生态材料研究的基本思想、主要研究内容和目前研究进展,并介绍了生态材料的评价体系与方法。

The large consumption of materials and energy causes rapid deterioration of the environment on a global scale. The increase of aging plants, facilities and machines threatens our safety and health. A new concept of ecomaterial was put forward in terms of the current situation and the trends in materials industry. It is a branch of materials science dealing with the interaction between ecological environment and materials as well as material cyclic process. The aims of ecomaterial are to develop the science and technology so as to meet the demands of ecological materials and their process techniques based on the premise of necessary properties. Basic principles, research contents and the latest development of ecomaterials were analyzed and discussed. The LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) method was also introduced, which were applied in the assessment of ecomaterials