4Sacerdote P,Franchi S,Panerai AE.Non-analgesic effects of opioids:mechanisms and potential clinical relevance of opioid-induced immunodepression[J].Curr Pharm Des,2012,18(37):6034-6042.
5Roy S,Wang J,Kelschenbaeh J,et al.Modulation of inunune function by morphine:implications for susceptibility to infection[J].J Neuroimmune Pharmacol,2006,1(1):77-89.
6Gupta K,Kshirsagar S,Chang L,et al.Morphine stimulates angiogenesis by activating proangiogenic and survival-promoting signaling and promotes breast tumor growth[J].Cancer Res,2002,62(15):4491-4498.
7Koodie L,Ramakrishnan S,Roy S.Morphine suppresses tumor angiogenesis through a HIF-1alpha/p38MAPK pathway[J].Am J Pathol,2010,177(2):987-997.
8Kraus J.Regulation of mu-opioid receptors by cytokines[J].Front Biosci(Schol Ed),2009,1(1):164-170.
9Carr DJ,Gebhardt BM,Paul D.Alpha adrenergic and mu-2 opioin receptors are involved in morphine-induced suppression of splenocyte natural killer activity[J].J Pharmacol Exp Ther,1993,264(3):1179-1186.
10Bonnet MP,Beloeil H,Benhamou D,et al.The mu opioid receptor mediates morphine-induced tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 inhibition in toll-like receptor 2-stimulated monocytes[J].Anesth Analg,2008,106(4):1142-1149.
