怀化地区侗族人群高血压患病率及其生化指标的调查

Screening Survey of Hypertension Incidence and Its Related Biochemical Criteria in Population of Dong Ethnic Group in Huaihua District

目的了解怀化地区侗族人群高血压粗患病率及常用生化指标的特点 ,明确该地区高血压主要相关因素。方法对怀化地区侗族 (n =2 82 )和汉族 (n =32 5 ) 30岁以上人群进行血压测量 ,采血检测血清甘油三酯 (TG)、总胆固醇 (TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)、空腹血糖(FPG)、钾 (K+ )、钠 (Na+ )、氯 (Cl-)、钙 (Ca2 + )的含量 ,并进行对照分析。结果怀化侗族 30岁以上人群高血压粗患病率为 35 .5 % ,其中陇城乡有 1个自然村高达 5 2 .9% ,明显高于怀化汉族相应人群 (14 .2 % ) ;其FPG、TG、TC、LDL C、K+ 明显低于汉族人群 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,HDL C、Na+ 高于汉族人群 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,而这两类人群之间的Cl-、Ca2 + 水平无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;侗族人群中高血压病人的LDL C和TC水平高于正常血压者 ,而其他的生化指标相比较差异无显著性。结论怀化地区侗族人群高血压可能与高钠、低钾、钠 /钾比值增高以及遗传因素等有关。

ObjectivesTo understand the incidence of hypertension and characteristics of its biochemical criteria in population of Dong ethnic group in Huaihua district of Hunan Province and clarify its main related risk factors.MethodsBlood pressures were measured among people with age over 30 years old in Dong(n=282) and Han(n=325) ethnic groups of Huaihua district. Their serum levels of triglycerides (TG) , total cholesterol (TC) ,low density lipoprotein choleserol (LDL C) , high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL C) ,fasting plasma glucose (FPG) , K +,Na +, Cl - and Ca 2+ ions were estimated and analyzed in comparison with the controls.ResultsThe morbidity of hypertension in three villages of Dong ethnic group was 35.5% , that of one village was as high as 52.9% . This figure was much higher than that of Han ethnic group (14.2%). The serum levels of FPG, TG,TC,LDL C and K + in Dong ethnic group were significantly lower than those of Han ethnic group(P<0.001); while serum levels of HDL C and Na+ were distinctly higher than those of Han people (P< 0.001 ). No significant difference in serum levels of Cl - and Ca 2+ was found between two ethnic groups(P> 0.05 ). The serum levels of LDL C and TG in hypertension cases of Dong ethnic group were higher than those of healthy controls with normal blood pressure; whereas no significant differences in other biochemical criteria existed between patients and the controls.ConclusionHypertension of Dong ethnic group in Huaihua district may be related with the high serum levels of Na + low serum levels of K + and increased K +/ Na + ratio as well as the genetic factor and dietary habit of ingesting higher salty foods.