慢性精神分裂症与老年痴呆病人互助康复训练的研究

Mutual help between patients with chronic schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease

目的 :通过开展慢性精神分裂症病人和老年痴呆病人的互助康复训练 ,以期提高他们的住院生活质量和社会功能。方法 :随机选择老年痴呆 (A组 )和慢性精神分裂症 (B组 )各 5 0例为试验组 ,两组病人结对活动 ,慢性精神分裂症病人承担“照顾者”角色 ,陪伴老年痴呆病人聊天、散步、娱乐及简单的生活照料等。同时设与A、B组条件相似的对照组各 5 0例。采用护理观察量表 (NORS - 4 0 )、社会功能缺陷筛选量表 (SDSS)及简易智力状态检查表 (MMSE) ,将试验组与对照组作观察比较。结果 :6个月试验结束后 ,试验A、B组与各自对照组的NORS - 4 0、SDSS比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,MMSE无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :两组病人互助活动 ,不仅满足了病人的亲情需要 ,使老年痴呆病人的生活得到了照顾、意志行为能力得到了增强 ,而且有助于慢性精神分裂症病人社会功能的恢复。

Objective: Mutual help was implemented between patients with chronic schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease in order to improve their quality of life and social function. Methods: 50 patients with chronic Alzheimer's disease (group A) were paired with 50 patients with schizophrenia (group B) as test groups. Patients with schizophrenia were acted as 'caretaker' who spent time with the patients with Alzheimer's disease by talking, walking with them and took care of their everyday life. Another 50 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 50 patients with schizophrenia were matched to group A and group B as corresponding control groups. The scores of NORS-40?SDSS and MMSE was compared between groups and among different time points of a same test group respectively. Results: 6 months after test, the scores of NORS-40?SDSS in test groups were improved significantly(P<0.05)compared with those scores in the corresponding control group and compared with that before test in the two test groups respectively. But those differences were not found by means of MMSE(P>0.05). Conclusions: Mutual help can meet the need of the patients with Alzheimer's disease for caring and love, and it can also improve the social function of the patients with chronic schizophrenia.