黄土残塬区侵蚀沟道分类研究

Study on Classification of Gully Erosion in the Remained Loess Area

黄土残塬区的沟道由于地质地貌基础及土壤侵蚀强度的不同而具有不同的形态特征。按沟道开析状况可将沟道划分为开析型、半开析型和深切型 ,按地面割裂程度可划分为强度割裂型、中度割裂型和弱度割裂型 ,按主支沟状况可划分为主沟型、半主沟型和支沟型。沟头从发生学角度可划分为原生侵蚀沟头和次生侵蚀沟头两类 ,从目前的发育程度和活跃状况可划分为顶极型、遏止型和前进型沟头。对不同类型的沟道和沟头提出了积极的防治建议。

Gullies located in the remained loess area have different formation features due to the different foundations of geology and geomorphology and intensity of soil erosion. It can divide gullies into the types of opening, semi opening and deep cutting according to the opening statement of gullies. It can divide into the types of severe cutting, medium cutting and light cutting according to the cutting degrees of ground surface. It can divide into the types of main gullies, semi main gullies and branch gullies according to the status of main and branch gullies. Viewing from genesis, there are two kinds of gully heads of protogenic erosion and secondary erosion. The gully heads can be divided into the types of extremity, containment and advancing according to the degree of development and active statement. The paper puts forward active suggestions on prevention and control for the different types of gullies and gully heads.