摘要
目的 :分析及探讨住院儿童死亡原因 ,以提高儿科临床工作质量 ,降低儿童死亡率。方法 :对 188例住院患儿死亡病例进行回顾分析。结果 :住院患儿的病死率为 2 .0 %。新生儿死亡数占总死亡数的 2 3.4 % ,1岁占 38.8% ,故 1岁以内死亡数占总死亡数的 6 2 .2 %。导致住院儿童死亡的前十位疾病是肺炎、病毒性脑炎、白血病、新生儿窒息、婴幼儿腹泻、败血症、结核病、先天性心脏病、新生儿硬肿症和中毒意外。新生儿、婴幼儿、学龄前及学龄儿的首位死因分别是新生儿窒息、肺炎和白血病。结论 :加强围生期保健 ,预防窒息 ,重视肺炎、白血病的防治对降低儿科住院病死率有重要意义。
Objective: To analyze and explore the death cause of children in hospital so as to enhance pediatric clinical work and decrease child mortality. Methods: 188 cases of children's death in hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Result: Child mortality in hospital was 2.0%.The newborn mortality occupied 23.4% ,the infants mortalily was 38.8%,so the death rate under one year old including the infants was 62.2%.The first ten diseases causing children's death in hospital were pneumonia ,virol meningitis,leukemia,asphyxia of newborn,infantile diarrhea,septicemia,tuberculosis,congenital heart disease,neonatal scleredema,poisoning and accident.The chief causes of death for neonatal period,infancy and toddler's age,preschool and school age children were newborn asphyxia ,pneumonia and leukemia. Conclusion: To intensify perinatal period health protection, prevent asphyxia and stress on the prevention and treatment of pneumonia and leukemia are significant to reduce children's mortality in hospital.
