2001年珠海市流行性出血热流行病学调查与监测

EHF Epidemiology and Surveillance in Zhuhai City in 2001

目的了解珠海市流行性出血热(EHF)在人和鼠的流行状况和趋势,为制定相应的防治措施提供科学依据。方法通过对2001年发生的EHF病例进行详细的流行病学个案调查,在哨点医院选取2001年3～6月份发热疑似EHF病例及健康人群进行血清学监测,并随机在市区选取6个监测点开展鼠监测。将在居民区和野外捕获的鼠分类,并用直接免疫荧光法检测所采集鼠肺标本EHF抗原;用间接免疫荧光法检测所采集的人与鼠血清EHF-IgM、IgG抗体。结果人群EHF抗体阳性率为1.06%;捕获的鼠种类以褐家鼠为主,占总数的53.08%;鼠密度为28.52%;鼠抗原阳性率为1.36%,其中褐家鼠抗原阳性率为2.35%;鼠类EHF抗体阳性率为13.95%。结论珠海市鼠存在有EHF流行,建议在流行季节应加强发热疑似病人EHF监测,积极灭鼠,综合防治。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and trends of epidemic hemorrhagic fever(EHF) in Zhuhai and provide the scientific basis for formulating control measures. Methods EHF cases were investigated in Zhuhai in 2001 and surveillance of EHF among the population and rats were established. Blood sera were collected from the population and rats and screened for anti EHF antibodies by IFAT. Lung samples were also obtained from rats and screened for the EHF antigen by FAT. Results 1.06% of the population was sero positive. The captured rats were mainly sewer rat (53.08%). The rat population density was 28.52%,1.36% of the rats carried the pathogen and mainly was sewer rats(2.35%). 13.95% of the rats were sero positive. Conclusion EHF had been epidemic among rat in Zhuhai. Surveillance for EHF among suspected fever patients in epidemic season and rat control should be implemented.