椰园/牧草间作:主间作物之间相互的影响

Interaction between the Main Crop and the Intercrops in Coconut-Based Pasture Intercropping System

进行了椰园间作牧草生态系统的研究。通过不同类型椰园间作不同品种牧草的适应性试验,观测了不同主间作物栽培方式中椰园根系分布、土壤养分与温度、主间作物生长及产量等方面的变化。结果表明:(1)在种植密度为10m×6m的椰园(相对光照强度约在50%以上)中,禾本科和豆科牧草均能正常生长;在8m×6m的椰园(相对光照强度约在30%左右)中,多数牧草品种能正常生长;在6m×6m的椰园(相对光照强度不足30%)中,只有少数禾本科牧草能基本正常生长。(2)禾本科牧草与椰树组成的系统稳定性比豆科牧草的好。(3)间作物一般应距幼树1m、成龄树2m以外的地方种植。(4)合理压青培肥与科学防治金龟子害虫,有利于加强主间作物生态系统的稳定性。

Studies were made on the coconut -based ecosystems intercropped with pastures.Adaptability experiments were conducted on different types of coconut plantations intercropped with different pastures to observe the changes in root distribution,soil nutrient and temperature,growth and yield of the main crop and the intercrops.The results showed that both graminaceous and leguminous pastures grew normally in coconut plantations with a planting density of10m×6m at above50%of the relative illumination intensity.Most varieties of pasture grew normally in the coconut plantations of8m×6m with the relative illumination intensity of about 30%.Only few graminaceous pastures grew normally in the coconut plantations of6m×6m with the relative illumination intensity of less than30%.The stability of graminaceous pastures/coconut systems was better than that of leguminous pastures/coconut systems.It is recommended that intercrops be grown1m away from young coconut trees and2m away from mature coconut trees.