两种疏花剂对苹果授粉受精过程的影响

Effect of Two Flower Thinners on Pollination and Fertilization of Apple

利用荧光显微镜对苹果授粉受精过程进行了跟踪观察 ,从微观解剖学上探讨了两种疏花剂MCPB ethyl〔4 ( 4 chloro 2 methylphenoxy)butanoate〕和CFA (calcium formicacidcompound)对苹果疏花的机理 ,证明二者对苹果授粉受精的影响完全不同。MCPB ethyl不影响花粉萌发以及花粉管在花柱内生长 ,也不影响花粉管到达胚珠的速度和受精进程 ,它是通过抑制胚珠组织发育而导致落果。与之相反 ,CFA是通过杀伤柱头、落在柱头上的花粉及已经长入花柱上部的花粉管 ,使之不能受精而导致落果 。

In this study the whole process of pollination and fertilization in apple was observed with a fluorescent microscope,and the thinning mechanism of MCPB ethyl 〔4 (4 chloro 2 methyl phenoxy)butanoate〕and CFA(calcium formic acid compound)as flower thinners was studied anatomically.It is proved that MCPB ethyl and CFA are entirely different in interfering pollination and fertilization of apple.MCPB ethyl spray did not interfere in the germination of pollen,the elongation of pollen tube in style and to ovule and fertilization,but the development of ovule was restrained to result in fruit drop.On the contrary,CFA did not affect the development of ovule.Fruit drop was resulted due to injury of stigma,pollen on stigma,and pollen tube in up style,and fertilization was prevented by CFA treatment.