长江流域水土流失生态化治理模式探讨

Discussion on Ecologic Restoration Model of Soil Erosion in Yangtze River Basin

长江流域中上游的水土流失十分严重,已严重威胁到全流域的社会、生态、经济的可持续发展。虽然“长治”、“天保”、“退耕”三大工程的实施在一定程度上遏制了水土流失的加剧,但其本身仍有许多局限与不足。由于治理长江流域水土流失十分重要和紧迫,本文在详细分析的基础上提出了开征生态税、发展生态经济农业、实施生态移民、加大生态进口和发展生态旅游等一系列长江流域水土流失生态化治理的新模式。

The soil erosion of the upper and middle reaches of Yangtze basin is very serious, and threatened the sustainable development of the whole basin society, ecology and economy. Though the three big engineering measures, which are the comprehensive control engineering of the Yangtze Rive basin like the protection engineering of natural forest, and the transformation engineering from farmland into forest or grass land, have controled soil erosion to some extent, it still has many limitations and shortcomings. Because it is very important to restore soil erosion of the Yangtze basin, these limitations are analyzed carefully, and a series of new model for the ecological restoration of soil erosion of the Yangtze River basin are put forward, such as taxing ecological, developing eco-economical agriculture, implementing ecological emigrant, enlarging ecological import and developing ecological tourism.