体检人群高血压患者健康相关生命质量影响因素分析

目的:了解体检人群高血压病患者的健康相关生命质量,并探讨其影响因素。方法:以2014年12月-2015年12月在解放军总医院健康管理研究院进行健康查体人群为调查对象,使用自行设计的健康调查问卷及世界卫生组织制定的生命质量测定量表(中文版)进行一般情况、高血压病病史及健康相关生命质量调查。对检出的高血压病患者(高血压病组)与非高血压病患者(非高血压病组)进行相关项目的对比分析,同时对高血压病患者生命质量的影响因素进行多元线性回归分析。结果:共收回有效问卷415份,高血压病95例(高血压病组),高血压病患病率为22.8%。与非高血压病组比较,高血压病组年龄大、男性构成比高(P<0.05),两组文化程度和职业差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高血压病组生理功能、心理功能和社会关系领域的得分、总体生命质量得分低于非高血压病组(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄、职业是总体生命质量的危险因素、文化程度是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论:体检人群高血压病患者生命质量受多种因素影响,根据影响因素从生理、心理和社会生活等方面综合实施护理干预。

Objective:To analyze the quality of life and investigate the influencing factors of patients with hypertension.Methods:A survey was undertaken from December 2014 to December 2015 in 415 randomly selected adults.The adults were investigated with a self-made questionnaire about the life custom and the Chinese Version of WHOQOL-BREF.The influencing factors of quality of life were treated by using multivariate linear regression analysis.Results:There were 95 hypertension patients reported in 415 eligible questionnaire,and the prevalence rate was 22.8%. Patients with hypertension were more likely to be older and males had higher prevalence of hytpertension(P<0.05).The difference of education and occupation between the tow groups was obvious(P<0.05). The scores of domains of physiological function,psychological function,social function and the scores of overall quality of life in patients with hypertension were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age,occupation had negative influences on quality of life, better education had positive influence(P<0.05).Conclusion:The quality of life in patients with hypertension was subject to a number of factors.It is necessary to using the quality of life in prevention and treatment of hypertension, and resort a complex intervening measure according to the influencing factors from physiological, psychological and social function to the patients with hypertension.