临床引发药品不良反应的主要品种分析及对策

目的:讨论临床上引起不良反应药品的主要种类,提出相应对策,促进临床合理用药的发展。方法:有目的选取在本院接受治疗过程中出现过药物不良反应的病例303例,对相关资料进行统计分析,整理出引发药品不良反应的主要类别,分析其多发不良反应的原因,根据原因提出相应建议。结果:在303例中,因为抗感染药物引起的不良反应有98例,约占32.34%;因中药制剂引发不良反应的例数为85例,约占28.05%;其他药物比例均小于10%,排名依次为心脑血管类药物(9.91%)、解热镇痛类(8.25%)、神经系统类(6.27%)、抗肿瘤类(4.95%)、血液系统类药物(3.63%)。结论:临床上引发药品的不良反应的药物主要是抗感染类药物和中药制剂,这两种药物引发的不良反应的危害性也更加大。分析其不良反应多发性的原因,提出相应对策,对于提高用药安全性,减少不良反应的发生具有积极意义。所以,严格按照规定,合理使用药物,加强对质量标准的控制和安全用药知识的宣传,实现这一目标的必要措施。

Objective: to discuss the main types of adverse drug reactions in clinic, and put forward the corresponding countermeasures to promote the development of clinical rational drug use. Methods: to select in the hospital for treatment of adverse drug reactions occurred in 303 cases, statistical analysis of relevant data, sorting out the main categories lead to adverse drug reactions, analyzed the cause of multiple adverse reactions, according to the reasons put forward the corresponding suggestions. Results: in 303 cases, because of adverse reactions caused by anti infective drugs in 98 cases, accounted for 32.34%; the number of cases of adverse reactions caused by traditional Chinese medicine for 85 cases, accounting for about 28.05%; the proportion of other drugs were less than 10%, ranking of cardiovascular drugs(9.91%), antipyretic analgesics(8.25%) the nervous system type(6.27%), anti-tumor type(4.95%), hematological system drugs(3.63%). Conclusion: the adverse drug reactions induced by drugs are mainly anti infection drugs and traditional Chinese medicine preparations, the two kinds of drug induced adverse reactions are more dangerous. Analysis of the reasons for the adverse reactions of multiple causes, put forward the corresponding countermeasures, to improve the safety of medication, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions has a positive significance. Therefore, in strict accordance with the provisions of the rational use of drugs, to strengthen the quality control and safety knowledge of drug promotion, the necessary measures to achieve this goal.