邯郸地区1908例儿童及青少年手腕部骨龄现状研究

Bone age of wrist in 1 908 children and adolescents in Handan area

目的探讨邯郸地区儿童青少年手腕部骨龄现状。方法收集2014年1月至2016年12月间,到邯郸市妇幼保健院儿童保健门诊、生长发育门诊,以健康体检、预测身高等目的而就诊,并进行手腕部X线平片检查的儿童青少年共1 908例。应用CHN骨龄测定系统进行骨龄评测,并对测定结果进行统计分析。结果在男性的6个年龄组中,有5个年龄组的骨龄大于生活年龄,其中4.0～5.9岁、6.0～7.9岁和≥12岁3个年龄组的骨龄均大于生活年龄,且两者比较差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.276、2.381、3.921,均P<0.05);在女性的6个年龄组中,6.0～7.9岁、8.0～9.9岁、10.0～11.9岁、≥12岁4个年龄组的骨龄大于生活年龄,经比较差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.457、3.631、2.191、2.201,均P<0.05)。在6.0～7.9岁、8.0～9.9岁、10.0～11.9岁3个年龄组中,女性骨龄与生活年龄差大于男性,经比较差异存在统计学意义(t值分别为-2.053、-3.034、-2.029,均P<0.05)。男性在≥12岁年龄组中,女性在10.0～11.9岁、≥12岁个年龄组中,市区与郊县儿童青少年骨龄与生活年龄差比较差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.371、2.345、2.255,均P<0.05)。骨龄与生活年龄呈显著正相关(男性r=0.936,女性r=0.905,均P<0.05)。结论邯郸地区儿童青少年多个年龄组骨龄大于生活年龄;女性骨成熟度大于男性;邯郸地区儿童青少年的生长发育有加速趋势,特别是女性学龄期及学龄前期儿童青少年的骨骼发育值得关注;邯郸市区与郊县儿童青少年的骨龄差逐渐缩小。

Objective To study the bone age of wrist of children and adolescents in Handan area. Methods We selected 1 908 cases of children and adolescents who visited Child Health Care Clinic, Growth and Development Clinic of Handan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 for physical examination, height prediction and received X ray plain radiograph test of wrist. Bone age was determined by CHN bone age determination system and results were analyzed. Results Bone ages in five age groups among six age groups of boys were larger than chronological age. Bone age was larger than chronological age in 4.0-5.9, 6.0-7.9 and ≥12 age groups of boys, and differences were statistically significant(t value was 2.276, 2.381, 3.921 respectively, all P<0.05). Bone ages in 6.0-7.9, 8.0-9.9, 10.0-11.9 and ≥12 age groups among six age groups of girls were larger than chronological age, and differences had statistic significance(t value was 2.457, 3.631, 2.191, 2.201 respectively, all P<0.05). Differences between bone age and chronological age in 6.0-7.9, 8.0-9.9, 10.0-11.9 age groups in girls were larger than those in boys, which had statistical significance(t value was-2.053,-3.034,-2.029 respectively, all P<0.05). Among ≥12 age groups of boys, 10.0-11.9 and ≥12 age groups of girls, difference in bone age and chronological age in urban children and adolescences was significant compared with rural children and adolescences(t value was 2.371, 2.345, 2.255 respectively, all P<0.05). There was a high positive correlation between bone age and chronological age(male:r=0.936, female:r=0.905, both P<0.05).Conclusion Bone age is larger than chronological age in many age groups of children and adolescents in Handan area. Female bone maturity is greater than that of male. Growth and development of children and adolescences is faster in Handan area. More attention should be paid to bone development in girls of school age and preschool age. Difference in bone age of children and adolescences between urban and rural areas is narrowing.