产后抑郁的相关因素分析及防治

Analysis on related factors of postpartum depression and preventive measures

目的分析产后抑郁的相关影响因素并总结有效的防治措施。方法收集2015年1月至2018年1月期间在浙江中医药大学附属第二医院妇产科分娩的398例产妇的临床资料,采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和艾氏产后抑郁问卷(EPDS)对产妇进行产后抑郁评定,根据评定结果分为抑郁组(217例)和非抑郁组(181例)。采用单因素和Logistic多因素回归分析相关危险因素。结果两组产妇的婴儿性别、睡眠质量、婴儿健康、夫妻关系、家庭收入、工作压力方面比较有显著性差异(χ~2值分别为18.596、123.944、12.323、21.506、8.968、15.712,均P<0.05),而年龄、母乳喂养、文化程度比较无显著性差异(χ~2值分别为0.076、0.040、0.076,均P>0.05)。预期婴儿性别、夫妻关系和工作压力是产后抑郁的影响因素(OR值分别为2.531、3.253、3.627,均P<0.05)。结论产后抑郁与夫妻关系、婴儿性别和工作压力等因素有关,应该制定有效的防治措施降低产后抑郁的发生率。

Objective To analyze the relevant influencing factors of postpartum depression and summarize effective prevention measures.Methods The clinical data of 398 women who gave birth in obstetrics and gynecology in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2015 to January 2018 was collected,and postpartum depression was evaluated in women by using the Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and the Ehrlich Postpartum Depression Inventory(EPDS).According to the assessment results,they were divided into depression group(217 cases)and non-depression group(181 cases).Univariate and Logistic multivariate regression were used to analyze the relevant risk factors.Results There were significant differences in baby gender,sleep quality,baby health,husband-wife relation,family income and work pressure between two groups(χ~2 value was 18.596,123.944,12.323,21.506,8.968 and 15.712,respectively,all P<0.05),but age,breastfeeding and cultural level were not significantly different(χ~2 value was 0.076,0.040 and 0.076 respectively,all P>0.05).Expected baby gender,husband-wife relation and work pressure were the influencing factors of postpartum depression(OR value was 2.531,3.253 and 3.627,respectively,all P<0.05).Conclusion Postpartum depression is related to the relationship between husband and wife,baby gender and work pressure,and effective prevention measures are taken to reduce the incidence of postpartum depression.