卒中相关性肺炎研究进展

Advances in stroke-associated pneumonia

肺炎是卒中最常见的并发症之一。了解卒中相关性肺炎的发生机制、临床表现、实验室及影像学特征以及危险因素等,有助于早期识别高危患者,并于卒中发生后早期即采取预防措施,从而降低卒中相关性肺炎的发生率。早期识别卒中相关性肺炎并给予有效的治疗,可以提高卒中患者的救治成功率。本文对近年来有关卒中相关性肺炎的发病机制、诊断标准、病原菌特点、风险评估及预测以及防治措施的研究进展进行综述,为卒中相关性肺炎的诊断、预防和治疗提供临床指导。

ABSTRACTPneumonia is one of the most common complications of stroke. Understanding of the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, laboratory and imaging findings and the risk factors related to stroke-associated pneumonia may contribute to the early identification of high-risk patients and taking strategies for prevention in early-stage after the onset of stroke, so as to reduce the incidence rate of stroke-associated pneumonia. Early identification of stroke-associated pneumonia and effective treatment can improve the success rate of treatment in patients with stroke. This paper summarizes the pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, pathogen characteristics, risk assessment and prediction, and prevention measures of stroke-associated pneumonia in recent years, in order to provide clinical guidance on diagnosis, prevention and treatment of stroke-associated pneumonia.