浅谈竹浆原料林基地建设对土壤环境的影响——以四川省合江县、纳溪区竹浆原料林基地为例

Investigation and Evaluation of Soil Quality for the Bamboo Pulp Forest Origin in Hejiang County and Naxi Region in Sichuan Province

土壤有机质和有效养分是评价土壤质量的重要指标,也是陆地生态系统物质循环的重要组成成分。本研究以四川省合江县、纳溪区2个区县12个乡镇的竹林地土壤作为研究对象,通过对土壤剖面的取样分析,对比分析了不同年份竹浆原料林基地与邻近土地的土壤有机质及速效养分含量特征,探讨竹子生长对土质有机含量的影响。结果表明,从土壤肥力情况看,种植竹林对土壤养分有一定的影响。与旱地相比,种植竹林会降低部分区域的土壤肥力,与多年竹林地相比,竹浆原料林基地土壤全磷、速效磷、速效钾明显升高。从土壤物理性质看,种植竹林对土壤团粒结构影响不大,对土壤容重有一定正影响,可在一定程度上改良土体结构。建议在生产实际中应结合土壤肥力监测结果,科学施肥、多施有机肥,尽可能做到平衡施肥,防止土壤养分的过度消耗。

Soil organic matter and available nutrients are key indexes for the evaluation of soil qualities. It was chose 12 villages from Hejiang county and Naxi district as research targets in this research. Samples had been taken from soil profile; the determination of soil organic matter and nutrient contents had been developed between bamboo pulp bases at different age and land nearby so as to discuss impacts on organic contents by bamboo growth. The results showed that bamboo growth had a certain impact on soil nutrients: 1. compared with dry land,bamboo growth would reduce soil fertility in some areas; 2. compared with bamboo forest,total phosphorous,available phosphorous and available potassium obviously increased in the soil of bamboo pulp forest. 3. in terms of soil physical properties,bamboo plantation had very few impacts on soil aggregate and positive effect on soil bulk density which was able to improve soil structure to some extent. It was suggested that the production should take monitoring results of soil fertility into consideration which might contributes to scientific and organic fertilization to prevent over-consumption of soil nutrients.