摘要
纳米材料的预测和设计是纳米科学与技术领域的长期梦想,该梦想的实现有赖于对生长机理的深刻理解.本文基于我们前期研究揭示的相平衡主导的气-液-固(VLS)生长机理,成功地预测了在1133~1638°C温区内通过氮化Al69Ni31合金颗粒生长Al N纳米线的过程,有关Al N纳米线的生长、共存Al-Ni合金相的晶格参数及形貌演变等预测均得到了定量化实验结果的证实,并界定了相平衡主导的VLS生长机理的适用条件.本文为相平衡主导的VLS生长机理的有效性提供了进一步的实验证据,同时展示了在生长机理的指导下根据相图设计和制备纳米材料的一个实例.
Prediction and design of various nanomaterials is a long-term dream in nanoscience and nanotechnology, which depends on the deep understanding on the growth mechanism. Herein, we report the successful prediction on the growth of Al N nanowires by nitriding Al69Ni31 alloy particles across the liquid-solid(β) phase region(1133–1638°C) based on the phase-equilibrium-dominated vapor-liquid-solid(PED-VLS) mechanism proposed in our previous study. All predictions about the growth of Al N nanowires, the evolutions of lattice parameters and geometries of the coexisting Al-Ni alloy phases are experimentally confirmed quantitatively. The preconditions for the applicability of the PED-VLS mechanism are also clarified. This progress provides the further evidence for the validity of the PED-VLS mechanism and demonstrates a practical guidance for designing and synthesizing different nanomaterials according to corresponding phase diagrams based on the insight into the growth mechanism.
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(21073085
21173115 and 21373108)
the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(2013CB932902)
the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
