非现实位移事件的编码与突显

Fictive Motion Event: Its Encoding and Profiling

非现实位移事件是认知主体运用认知想象能力将不可动实体构想为可动实体,使其在心理上和视觉上发生了相对于参照实体的位置变化的一种位移事件。认知主体不仅能够将静态的方位事件构想为动态的非现实位移事件,而且能够运用语言对其进行编码。英语对非现实位移事件的编码必须包括位移事件的所有四个要素:位移主体、参照实体、位移和路径,缺一不可。在对非现实位移事件中的"起点-路径-终点"意象图式进行编码时,认知主体既可以选择使用最大窗口化,也可以选择使用部分窗口化,前者突显位移主体与全路径之间的动态空间关系,后者突显位移主体与部分路径(即起点或终点)之间的动态空间关系。

Fictive motion event is a kind of conceived motion event in which the conceptualizer,with his imaginal capacity of cognition,construes an immovable entity as a movable entity that changes its position mentally and visually in reference to the reference entity. The conceptualizer can not only conceive a static locative event as a dynamic fictive motion event,but he can also encode such a conceived motion event via language. In English,the four such basic factors as the mover,the reference object,motion and the path of fictive motion event must all be encoded. While encoding the SOURCE-PATH-GOAL image schema of fictive motion event,the conceptualizer may employ either the maximal windowing or the partial windowing. As a result,the maximal windowing profiles the dynamic spatial relation between the mover and the whole PATH,whereas the partial windowing profiles the dynamic spatial relation between either the mover and the SOURCE or the mover and the GOAL.