认知词典学刍论

An Introduction to Cognitive Lexicography

把认知语言学的理论方法应用于词典的理论研究和编纂实践、突破词典学的创新瓶颈已经成为国际词典学界新的热点话题,但迄今为止这些研究大多停留在个别理论方法的应用或宏观层面的泛泛而谈。本文在总结国内外认知词典学研究现状的基础上,结合词典学本体特征,比较全面、系统地阐释了认知词典学的理论框架和释义模式,涉及认知词典学的理论基础、理论方法和释义基础。文章指出,认知词典学应该以体验哲学、认知心理学和语言习得理论为基础,运用认知语义观、范畴化、概念隐喻、语义框架等理论方法,根据语言认知的识解规律进行词典信息组织和释义,并提出了认知词典学的释义模式,包括总体原则、意义驱动多维释义模式和基于论元结构构式的多维释义方法。

It has become a trend in recent years to apply cognitive linguistics to innovative lexicographical research and practice,but most of the studies are but the application of specific cognitive linguistic theories or have not gone into details in theory construction.After summarizing the status quo of cognitive lexicographical studies home and abroad and by integrating the ontological features of lexicography,this paper is intended to make a comprehensive elaboration of the theoretical framework and the definition model of cognitive lexicography,including its theoretical foundation,methodology and definitional basis.It is pointed out that cognitive lexicography should be based on embodied philosophy,cognitive psychology and language acquisition theories,and that it should apply cognitive semantics,categorization,conceptual metaphor,frame semantics and so on to organize information categories and to provide definitions according to the semantic construal in language and cognition.Finally,it elaborates on the definition model of cognitive lexicography,including the general principles,the meaning-driven multidimensional definition model and its argument-based multidimensional definition methods.