作为文化技术的诊疗及其文学化——以《布登勃洛克一家》为例

Treatment as Cultural Techniques in Literary Creation

人类文化中包含着一系列基础性的文化技术,诊疗也可被视作其一。与疾病一样,对疾病的诊疗也是文学中的经典母题。文学演示作为文化技术的诊疗行为时,会进行独特的重塑,生成一套文学化的诊疗体系,超越生理与心理问题,进而对作品中集体及个体的障碍或危机做出多层面的阐释,并提供伦理、政治或审美上的解决方案。本文以《布登勃洛克一家》为例,揭示文学对诊疗的演示与重塑,阐释建立在这一重塑基础之上的对人物及家族的困境提出的超越之道。

As with the disease,the diagnosis and treatment of the disease is also a classic motif in literature.Human culture contains a series of basic cultural techniques,and diagnosis and treatment can also be regarded as one.When literature demonstrates the diagnosis and treatment as a cultural technique,it will be uniquely remodeled to generate a literary diagnosis and treatment system that transcends physiological and psychological problems,interprets collective and individual obstacles or crises in the works,and then provides ethical,political or aesthetic solutions.This article takes the example of Buddenbrooks,a masterpiece of German literature at the turn of the century,to reveal the literary demonstration and remodelling of the diagnosis and treatment and to explain the way in which it transcends the plight of the characters and the family.