跨语言视角下双宾语结构的格理论分析

A Structural Case-based Account on Double Object Constructions from the Cross-linguistic Perspective

双宾语结构的名词赋格现象一直都是倍受关注的热点话题。在文献中,Chomsky (1981, 1986)、Larson (1988)等认为间接宾语被赋予结构格,直接宾语被赋予固有格;而黄正德(2007)等则认为间接宾语被赋予固有格,直接宾语被赋予结构格。本文从跨语言的角度分析固有格假设在理论和经验上存在的问题,提出直接宾语和间接宾语都被赋予结构格的观点,即结构格分析法,并论证结构格分析法不仅能合理、统一、简洁地解释各语言双宾语结构的被动化移位模式,还有利于解释与格结构具有"致使拥有"义的语言现象。

In generative grammar,double object constructions have been widely discussed with respect to the case assignment of the two objects.In the literature,Chomsky(1981,1986)and Larson(1988)hypothesize that the indirect object is assigned structural case and the direct object is assigned inherent case,whereas Huang(2007)holds the opposite view.This paper discusses the theoretical and empirical problems of the Inherent Case Hypothesis,and pursues the possibility that both objects are assigned structural case.The structural case-based account not only provides a unified,simple and reasonable account for the passivization of DOCs from the cross-linguistic perspective,but also has explanations for the dative constructions equipped with the meaning of‘cause to have’.