施氏鲟、大杂交鲟和西伯利亚鲟卵及体腔液的生化组成比较

Comparison of Biochemical Parameters in Eggs and Ovarian Fluid of Amur Sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii, Siberian Sturgeon A.baeri and Hybrid Sturgeon

用生物化学方法测定施氏鲟Acipenser schrenckii、大杂交鲟A.schrencki i(♂)×Huso dauricus(♀)及西伯利亚鲟A.baeri成熟卵子及体腔液的酶、维生素、微量元素及氨基酸组成和含量。结果表明:施氏鲟与大杂交鲟的卵径显著大于西伯利亚鲟(P<0.05)。吸水后大杂交鲟的卵径显著大于施氏鲟和西伯利亚鲟(P<0.05)。大杂交鲟卵中谷草转氨酶(GOT,2.83U·g-1)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP,0.69 U·g-1)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP,0.81 U·mg-1)含量最高,均无显著性差异(P>0.05),仅西伯利亚鲟卵内琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)的活力显著升高(P<0.05)。3种鲟鱼卵与体腔液中蛋白质、微量元素及维生素组成差异显著。大杂交鲟体腔液内的ACP活力显著高于施氏鲟体腔液内的ACP活力(P<0.05)。西伯利亚鲟(0.51±0.16μmol·g-1)卵内的Fe含量显著高于施氏鲟(0.35μmol·g-1)和大杂交鲟(0.42±0.12μmol·g-1),而体腔液内均未检测到Fe和Zn,但体腔液中Vc(4.00±2.44μg·L-1)含量显著低于大杂交鲟(5.58±1.53μg·L-1)和施氏鲟(5.47±2.32μg·L-1)(P<0.05)。3种鲟鱼卵及体腔液内的酶、微量元素、维生素等组成相同,但SDH和ACP活力、Fe和Vc含量存在组织和种间差异,在亲鱼培育时应区别培育。

The biochemical compositions and enzymatic activities in eggs and ovarian fluid were investigated in Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii, Siberian sturgeon A.baeri and hybrid sturgeon (Amur sturgeon♂× Siberian huso Huso dauricus♀)by bio-chemical methods. The results showed that there was significant larger egg diameter in Amur sturgeon and the hybrid sturgeon than in Siberian sturgeon(P<0.050). The hybrid sturgeon had significantly greater diameter in the hydrated and hardening eggs than Amur stur-geon, and Siberian sturgeon(P<0.05). The maximal glutamate-oxaloacetate (GOT, 2.83 U·g-1), acid phosphatase (ACP, 0.69 U·g-1), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP, 0.81 U·mg-1) was observed in the eggs of the hybrid sturgeon, without significant differences among the three sturgeon, except the significantly higher SDH activity in eggs of Amur sturgeon and significantly higher ACP activity in ovar-ian fluid of the hybrid (P<0.05). There were significant differences in composition of protein, trace elements and vitamins and activities of enzymes in egg and ovarian fluid among the three sturgeon species. There was higher Fe content in eggs in Siberian sturgeon than that in Amur sturgeon and the hybrid sturgeon. In ovarian fluid, however, levels of Fe and Zn were found undetectable in Siberian stur-geon. There was significantly lower Vc content in ovarian fluid in Siberian sturgeon than that in Amur sturgeon and the hybrid (P<0. 05). The significant differences in SDH, and ACP activities and Fe and Vc contents in eggs and ovarian fluid indicate that the different nutrition should be provided during sturgeon broodstock cultivation.