应用微卫星标记鉴别施氏鲟、达氏鳇及其杂交子代

Genetic Identification of Amur Sturgeon, Kaluga and their Hybrids Based on Microsatellite Markers

用32个微卫星标记分析施氏鲟Acipenser schrenckii、达氏鳇Huso dauricus及其杂交子代H.dauricus(♀)×A.schrenckii(♂)的遗传差异。其中,28个标记在三个群体中均能得到稳定的扩增产物,1个标记只在施氏鲟中得到扩增产物。利用这些微卫星标记对三个群体进行分析,发现有5个特异性标记能够有效鉴别出施氏鲟、达氏鳇及其杂交子代。其中,HLJSX350在施氏鲟扩增出227bp的条带,在达氏鳇扩增出209bp的条带,而其杂交种质扩增出209bp和227bp的杂合条带,扩增出的特异条带能够有效鉴别3个种质;HLJSX226、HLJSX329、HLJSX332和HLJSX351 4个标记在施氏鲟和达氏鳇及其杂交子代扩增出差异显著的条带。本研究鉴别的微卫星标记可用于施氏鲟、达氏鳇及其杂交种的区分,为2种鲟、鳇的种质保护提供了遗传工具。

In this paper, thirty-two microsatellite markers were used to analyze DNA differences among of Amur sturgeon(Acipenser schrenckii), Kaluga(Huso dauricus)and their hybrids [H. dauricus(♀)×A. schrenckii(♂)],in which 28 were amplified in the three species, and one was merely amplified in Amur sturgeon, and three were not be applied well in Kaluga. Results showed that there were five markers which were effectively identified in the three populations, among which the amplification products of HLJSX350 was 227 bp in Amur sturgeon, 209 bp in Kaluga, and a mixed band of 209 bp and 227 bp in their hybrids. In addition, the specific loci from a part of Amur sturgeon and Kaluga were distinguished effectively in the amplification products of HLJSX226, HLJSX329,HLJSX332, and HLJSX351. Therefore, combining part of those loci can effectively be used to identify those three species of sturgeons.These co-dominant markers provide a powerful tool to identify the sturgeons and conserved species.