社区自我护理小组在四川省麻风病畸残康复中的应用

The Application of Community Self-Care Group in Leprosy Rehabilitation Sichuan

目的在四川省麻风相对高流行区域成立麻风畸残者社区自我护理小组(Self-Care Group SCG),以社区为层面,从麻风畸残者自身角度出发,促进畸残康复和心理健康。方法 SCG小组定期集会召集成员开展自我护理,医务人员指导自我护理技巧,鼓励成员每天在家开展自我护理。采用描述性研究方法,使用访谈和问卷方式收集数据,SCL-90心理评分采用T检验分析。结果 SCG研究后1年,成员足底溃疡95%好转,50%溃疡痊愈,无新溃疡发生,外伤减少,手足干燥情况均改善,形成自我保护意识;SCG成员心理状态好转,尤其在人际关系敏感、焦虑和敌对情绪方面改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 SCG以社区为基本层面,从麻风畸残者自身角度出发,共同促进畸残预防和心理健康。SCG应在四川省麻风畸残康复项目中推广应用。

Objective To improve the physical and physiological rehabilitation of people affected by leprosy with Grade 2 Disabilities living in community,a pilot Self-Care Group( SCG) was organized in Jiange county,which is relatively high-endemic area in Sichuan province. SCG is based the community level,aims to enhance the initiatives of people affected by leprosy to practice self care everyday. Methods This is descriptive study,questionnaires about physical and psychological statues of members of SCG were undertaken,interviews were conducted to gain the opinions,and qualitative data was grouped according to frequently motioned and displayed in the table. Results 95% sole ulcers were gotten smaller,50% ulcers were cured,no new ulcer occurred,fewer in-juries happened,all dryness of hands and feet recovered. SCG participants increased the awareness to protect their eyes,hands and feet. The psychological condition was improved,especially on the interpersonal relationship,anxiety and hostility aspects. Conclu-sion SCG is based on the community level,it initiates people affected by leprosy with Grad 2 Disability to make self care everyday. The physical and psychological condition of SCG participants were improved,SCG should be applied in the rehabilitation program of leprosy in China.