幼龄苹果园间作马铃薯作业方式研究

Study on the Working Mode of Intercropping Potato in Young Apple Orchard

幼龄果园间作马铃薯多采用传统的人工作业方式,制约了其长足发展。通过人工作业和机械作业两种作业方式的对比,结果表明:幼龄果园间作马铃薯,机械化作业对果树生长无显著影响,可实现从播种、起垄、覆膜到收获的全程机械化作业。与人工作业相比,机械化作业效率高、成本低;马铃薯出苗整齐、出苗率高,马铃薯果实损失显著减少,收净率97.50%、破损率0.97%,667m^2增产578 kg,667 m^2收入可达3 429.60元,是一种可取的作业方式。

The traditional manual operation is the main limiting factor that restrictes the development of intercropping potato in young apple orchard.Through comparing the manual operation and mechanical operation based on the intercropping mode,the results showed that mechanization work had no significant effect on fruit tree growth in this intercropping mode,and it could realize the whole mechanized operation from sowing,ridging,film mulching to harvest.Compared with manual operation,mechanized operation had high efficiency and low cost.Potato grew with neat emergence,high emergence rate and less fruit loss,whose the net rate and damage rate were 97.50%,0.97%,respectively.Its yield was 578 kg higher than manual operation and the income was 3 429.60 yuan per 667 m^2,indicating that it could completely be used in this intercropping mode.