广西南菜北运基地水稻—钦州辣椒粮菜轮作高效栽培模式

Grain-vegetable Rotation about High Efficiency Cultivation Mode of Rice-Qinzhou Chili in South-to-North Vegetable Transport Base of Guangxi

为了最大限度地发挥钦州辣椒产量、品质、效益的优势,同时克服水稻种植效益低、辣椒连作障碍严重,粮菜病虫害发生频繁的弊病,通过改良栽培模式、优化水旱轮作、改善生产环境,探索出水稻—钦州辣椒粮菜水旱轮作高效栽培模式,有效克服了辣椒连作障碍,降低了大田化肥、农药施用量,特别是高水肥条件下的菜粮轮作,使得土壤肥沃、病虫害少,既能降低农药、化肥的使用成本,又能提高水稻的品质和产量。粮菜水旱轮作模式在当地推广获得成功,全年每667 m^2净收利润在1.3万元以上,为农民探索出一条粮菜双丰收的致富道路。

In order to maximize the advantages of yield,quality and benefit of chili in Qinzhou,and overcome the disadvantages of low benefit of rice planting,serious obstacles of continuous cropping of chili and frequent occurrence of diseases and insect pests in grain and vegetable,water-drought rotation high efficiency cultivation mode of rice-Qinzhou chili were explored through improving cultivation mode,optimizing water-drought rotation and improving production environment.The efficient cultivation mode of rotation effectively overcame the obstacles of continuous cropping of chili,reduced the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the field,especially in the vegetable-grain rotation under the condition of high water and fertilizer,enriched the soil and reduced pests and diseases.This mode could not only reduce the cost of using pesticides and fertilizers,but also improve the quality and yield of rice.The mode of grain-vegetable(water-drought)rotation had been successfully popularized in the local area.The net income of 667 m^2 for one year was over 13 000 yuan,which explored a way for farmers to get rich in both grain and vegetable harvests.