番茄穴盘育苗基质特性及育苗效果研究

Study on Substrates Characteristics and Seedling Effect of Tomato Plug Seedling

为了筛选出适宜北京地区春茬番茄的穴盘育苗基质,并明确其物理和化学性质,以提高育苗基质的标准化,推动育苗技术精准控制的标准化进程,选取了北京地区各大育苗场常用的3种商品基质和6种以草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩为主要原料复配的自配基质,用于番茄穴盘集约化育苗,分析育苗基质的理化性质及育苗效果。结果表明:A3处理(北京绿穑生物商品基质)番茄幼苗茎粗最大,较CK(草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩体积比为3∶1∶1)增加13.1%,根冠比和壮苗指数也均最大,分别为0.132和0.069,A5处理(草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩体积比按3∶1∶1混合,每穴添加1 g基质伴侣)仅次于A3处理,两处理春季育苗效果好,建议进行推广应用。

In order to screen out the suitable substrates for spring tomato seedling cultivation in Beijing,clarify its physical and chemical properties,improve the standardization of seedling cultivation medium and promote the standardization process of precise control of seedling cultivation technology,three commercial substrates and six self-made substrates with peat,vermiculite and perlite as main raw materials were selected for intensive seedling cultivation of tomato seedlings grown in plug in Beijing.The physicochemical properties and seedling effect of the substrates were analyzed.The results showed that the stem diameter of tomato seedlings treated with A3(Beijing Lüse bio-product substrates)was the largest,which was 13.1%higher than CK(peat,vermiculite,pearlite volume ratio was 3:1:1),and the root-shoot ratio and strong seedling index were the largest,which was 0.132 and 0.069,respectively.Treatment A5(peat,vermiculite,pearlite volume ratio was 3:1:1,adding 1 g matrix partner per hole)was the second perfectest treatment.The effects of seedling raising in spring of these two treatments were good.It is suggested that they should be popularized and applied.