兩樓類條件反射器官的初步探討

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE ORGAN OF THE CONDITIONED REFLEX IN AMPHIBIA

一、前言恩格斯在自然辩证法中指出:‘脊椎动物——它们的最大特徵是把整个身体,都聚集在神经系统周围。’巴甫洛夫及其学派在长期的研究工作中所累积起来的大量实验材料,完全证实了这句话的正确性。巴甫洛夫学派的实验材料指出,动物有机体内部各器官以及有机体与其生活环境之间的精确的平衡,主要是通过中枢神经系统,尤其是它的高级部分——在高等哺乳动物和人类是大脑皮层——的条件反射活动来实现的。条件反射活动是动物界的普遍适应现象。

For studying the organ of the conditioned reflex in amphibia (Rana and Bufo), we used the method of conditioned reflex with resection of the brain in 3 frogs (Rana) and 3 toads (Bufo), and found that the defensivc conditioned reflex caused by electrical stimulation persisted after resection of the cerebral hemispheres (in Rana)o However, defensive conditioned reflex due to sound and light could also be formed (in Bufo)o A hind-brain animal of frog or toad can live for 2-3 days only. therefore, it is pressumed that the part where conditioned reflex is formed in amphibia (Rana and Bufo) is in the midbrain and the parts lying cranial to it.