国际法理论建构的文化反思——兼谈中国传统政治哲学的可能贡献

The Foundation of Theory of International Law:A Cultural Integration

16世纪以来,随着欧洲的全球扩张,国际法从欧洲国家间的交往规则逐渐成为全球秩序的法律基础。今天的国际法是国际关系中一套具有普遍性的规范体系,但很大程度上仍然是西方法哲学传统和历史经验的产物,更多体现了西方理念和西方价值。这让西方背景的法学家掌握了全球规范建构的最终话语权,而其他文化中的价值和理念在国际法建构中只能受制于西方知识体系的垄断。在全球化的未来,国际法理论建构应当考虑到文化的多元化基础、非西方知识体系和文化体系中的理念和价值,如果能对现代国际法和国际治理产生积极启示,同样应当成为国际法理论的基础。中国传统政治哲学对世界和社会生活有着不同于西方的理解,为我们解决全球性问题提供了新的思路,同样应当成为现代国际法理论建构的基础。

Along with the rise of Europe in the past several centuries,international law became the legal foundation of the world order instead of regional rules of Europe. International law is a package of legitimate norms and a dominate power of discourse in modern international relations, however, it is still subject to the Western ideas and values. In the future, the theory of international law should adopt a culturally pluralized foundation. The knowledge and experience of non-western culture, if inspirational to the theory of international law and international governance,should also be used in the construction of international law. Chinese traditional political philosophy hold unique views on the world and social life,which, as an example, gives us different inspirations in global governance and therefore should be adopted in the construction of the theory of international law.