论矿业权转让行政审批的法律本质——兼评最高人民法院矿业权纠纷司法解释

The Nature of Administrative Approval in Transfer of Mining Rights——Comments on the Judicial Explanation of Mining Right Dispute of Supreme People 's Court

在我国现行矿产资源法律制度框架下,行政许可是设立矿业权的原因,矿业权转让行政审批的法律本质是重新颁发一个新的行政许可。在矿业权转让行政审批中,有权行政机关并不对合同效力关涉的内容进行审查,而使得行政审批决定矿业权转让合同效力仅具"外形合法性"。因此,矿业权转让合同的效力与行政审批无涉,在不具有法定无效情形下应在成立时即生效。最高人民法院《关于矿业权的司法解释》的结论是正确的,但主持者的解释存在严重的理论缺陷。在完善中国特色社会主义法律体系的新时代,我们应当还矿业权以不动产物权的本质,并将矿业权纳入不动产登记制度中。

Under the framework of the current legal system of mineral resources in our country, administrative licensing is the reason for the establishment of mining rights. The legal nature of the administrative examination and approval of the transfer of mining rights is reissuing a new administrative license. In the administrative examination and approval of the transfer of mining rights, the competent administrative organ does not examine the content of the contract’s validity, but makes the administrative examination and approval of the transfer of mining rights contract effectiveness of only 'appearance legitimacy'. Then, the validity of the contract of mining right transfer has nothing to do with the administrative examination and approval, the contract is effective upon establishment in the absence of legal invalidity. The conclusion of 'Supreme People’s Court Judicial Interpretations on Mining Rights' is correct, but there is a theoretical flaw in the explanation of the moderator. In the new era of perfecting the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, we should regard mining rights as a real property right, and incorporate it into the real estate registration system.