有轨电车二系垂向悬挂系统阻尼比优化

Optimization of secondary vertical suspension damping ratio for tram

针对有轨电车二系垂向悬挂系统中存在的阻尼匹配问题,根据1/4车体三自由度垂向振动模型,利用MATLAB/Simulink建立了二系垂向悬挂系统阻尼比优化设计仿真模型;以人体振动舒适性最佳为目标,建立了二系垂向悬挂系统阻尼比优化设计数学模型.在此基础上,以轨道高低不平顺作为输入激励,以二系悬挂垂向行程及一系悬挂垂向动作用力为约束条件,创建了二系垂向悬挂系统阻尼比优化设计方法.通过实例对阻尼比进行了优化设计,可知阻尼比的优化设计值能够显著提高有轨电车的乘坐舒适性,表明所建立的有轨电车二系垂向悬挂系统阻尼比的优化设计方法是正确的,为二系垂向悬挂系统阻尼匹配减振器设计奠定了重要理论基础.

For the problem of the damping matching of secondary vertical suspension for tram,ac-cording to the 1/4 vehicle body three-degree-of-freedom vertical vibration model of tram,using MATLAB/Simulink,an optimal design simulation model for damping ratio of secondary vertical suspension was established.Taking optimal ride comfort as target,an optimal design mathemati-cal model for damping ratio of secondary vertical suspension was built.Based on this,using track vertical irregularity as input,using suspension vertical stroke and the vertical dynamic force of primary suspension as constraint conditions,an optimization design method for damping ratio of secondary vertical suspension was presented.With a practical example of tram,the damping ratio was designed.The results show that the damping ratio value designed can significantly improve ride comfort of tram,thus,the optimization method of secondary vertical suspension damping ra-tio for tram is correct,which will lay a good foundation for the optimal design of secondary verti-cal damper.