城市地下空间的理性化进程 图像中的纽约现代基础设施发展史(1870—1940年)

The Rationalization of Underground Space in the City Illustrated Modern Infrastructural History in New York(1870-1940)

城市地下空间是紧密参与城市建成环境现代化进程的技术体系,地下空间必须在有限体量中协调不同技术构筑物的共存关系,以保证整个城市的理性运作。在1870年到1940年间,纽约完成了地下市政基础设施的规范化进程,依次确立了地铁站、交通枢纽与人行网络的标准模式,为地下空间整体开发观念的实践做好了铺垫。文章以大众媒介中的图像为基础数据,归纳了西方市政工程与空间体系理性化的一般路径。

Underground space in the city is a technological system that closely participates in the modernization of urban built environment.Underground space must coordinate a variety of structural elements in limited volume to ensure the rationalization of the whole urban form.From 1870 to 1940,the city of New York completed the standardization process of underground municipal infrastructure,successively established the standard paradigms of subway station,transportation hub and pedestrian network,and completed the practical foreshadowing of the upcoming conceptualization of the'geo-space.'Based on an iconographic study in mass media,this paper profiles the general path of rationalization of western civil engineering and spatial system.