关中平原灌区SWAT模型基础数据库的构建

Construction of Basic Database for SWAT Model in Guanzhong Plain Irrigation District

分布式水文模型为变化环境下灌区水循环演变的研究提供了有效手段,为了将SWAT模型运用于关中平原灌区水循环研究,以泾惠渠灌区为例,利用HWSD土壤数据、SPAW软件及统计分析法,构建了灌区土壤数据库;基于遥感数据获得了灌区2014年的土地利用情况,构建了土地利用数据库;充分考虑灌区水系、渠系分布(无排水沟)、人工侧支循环的逆汇流特性及输配水管理特点,利用ArcGIS自定义了SWAT的河网水系及子区,并通过pre-defined操作导入模型,将灌区划分为52个子区,分别设置了合理的土壤类型及土地利用类型的面积阈值,将研究区划分为279个HRUs,构建了灌区空间离散数据库。SWAT模型基础数据库的构建为灌区SWAT模型的构建及水循环演变规律的研究奠定了基础。

Distributed hydrological models provide a useful method to study hydrological cycle evolution of irrigation district under environmental changes.In order to bring in SWAT model for Guanzhong plain irrigation district,the paper took Jinghuiqu irrigation district as the study area to systematically research the construction of basic database for SWAT model.By using Harmonized World Soil Database(HWSD),SPAW model,and statistical analysis methods,soil database was successfully built.Combining remote sensing data,the paper obtained the land use situation of the irrigation in2014 and built land use database.By considering fully about the stream network,canal distribution,inverse confluence of manual collateral water circulation,and management characteristics of water transmission and distribution,ArcGIS was adopted to pre-define watershed dataset and stream dataset,which were imported into SWAT.The irrigation district was divided into 52sub-areas.These sub-areas were finally subdivided into 279 HRUs by setting up reasonable area thresholds of soil type and land use type.The construction of basic database will lay a foundation for building SWAT model and researching hydrological cycle evolution in Jinghuiqu irrigation district.