论北宋《春秋》博士的废立与熙宁变法——以“不与民争利”思想为视角

Relationship between the Abolishment of the Spring and Autumn Annals Court Academician in Song Dynasty and Xi-Ning Reform——from the Perspective of Citizen Rights

熙宁变法中《春秋》博士的反复废立是一个值得关注的现象。熙宁四年(1071)二月,王安石不列《春秋》于经书,不立于官学,不用于贡举;八年(1075)颁布亲自编纂的《三经新义》令天下士子宗之。哲宗元祐元年(1086),司马光复执政,尽废新法,六月复立《春秋》博士,科举复考《春秋》。之后哲、徽、钦三朝,《春秋》博士又随着新旧党人的轮番执政而被二立二废。《春秋》博士的反复废立,其实质是新旧党争的一场政治拉锯战,隐藏着双方争执的关点"与民争利"的问题。

The phenomenon of reduplicative abolishment of the Spring and Autumn Annals court academician is quite noticeable. In Feb 1071,Wang Anshi removed the Spring and Autumn Annals from Confucian classics. So it was no more used in official school or imperial examination. In 1075,Three Classics compiled by Wang published and sooner became a new criterion,replacing the status of these former Confucian classics. In 1086,Song Zhezong reappointed Si Maguang,who abolished all new regulations and reestablished the Spring and Autumn Annals court academician in June. Since then,the Spring and Autumn Annals court academician was abolished and reestab-lished twice,which symbolized different cognitions in problem of confliction between government and citizen rights.