新疆维族老年阿尔茨海默病患者的睡眠结构特点

Characteristics of sleep structure in Xinjiang elderly Uygur patients with Alzheimer's disease

目的探讨新疆地区维族老年阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者的睡眠结构特点。方法选取维族老年AD患者40例为观察组,另选择同期与观察组相匹配的体检健康维族老年人40例为对照组,采用爱泼沃斯思睡量表(ESS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PQSI)和本院编制的AD患者睡眠日志进行问卷调查,比较两组多导睡眠图检查结果。结果观察组及对照组ESS评分分别为(8.07±3.15)、(4.86±2.97)分,两组比较,P<0.05(χ2=7.589)。观察组与对照组PQSI评分分别为(10.21±5.97)、(5.65±5.50)分,两组比较,P<0.05。观察组入眠困难、片段睡眠、尖叫、夜间躁动、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAS)、不宁腿综合征(RLS)发生率均明显高于对照组(P均<0.05)。观察组中合并OSAS与未合并OSAS者相比,SPT及S1占SPT百分比减少(P均<0.05);对照组中合并OSAS与未合并OSAS者相比,SPT及S1占SPT百分比均减少,S2增加,两者相比,P均<0.05。结论维族老年AD患者日间过度思睡者居多,睡眠质量差,入眠困难、夜间躁动,片段睡眠率高;OSAS能加重维族老年AD患者睡眠结构障碍。

Objective To explore the characteristics of the sleep structure in elderly Uygur patients with Alzheimer’s disease( AD) in Xinjiang region. Methods Forty elderly Uygur AD patients were included in the observation group,another 40 sex-and age-matched healthy Uygur patients were included in the control group. Epworth Sleepiness Scale( ESS),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index( PQSI) and the Sleep Logs of AD patients compiled by Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital were used to perform a questionnaire survey. The polysomnography was compared between the two groups. Results The ESS scores in the observation group and the control group were( 8. 07 ± 3. 15) and( 4. 86 ± 2. 97),respectively( P < 0. 05,χ2= 7. 589). The PQSI scores in the observation group and the control group were( 10. 21 ± 5.97) and( 5. 65 ± 5. 50),respectively( P < 0. 05). The incidences of sleep difficulties,sleep fragmentation,screaming,restlessness at night,obstructive sleep apnea syndrome( OSAS) and restless leg syndrome( RLS) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group( all P < 0. 05). In the observation group,both the Sleep Period Time( SPT) and the percentage of S1 in SPT in the patients with OSAS were lower than those in the patients without OSAS( all P < 0. 05); in the control group,both SPT and the percentage of S1 in SPT in the patients with OSAS were lower than those in the patients without OSAS,and the percentage of S2 in SPT was higher( all P < 0. 05). Conclusions Elderly AD patients have excessive daytime sleepiness,poor sleep quality,sleep difficulties,restlessness at night and high sleep fragmentation rate. OSAS could exacerbate the sleep architecture disorder in elderly Uygur AD patients.