生活方式与时间使用:退休对健康的影响

Lifestyle and Time Use: The Effect of Retirement on Health

基于2011年和2013年中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)数据,采用模糊断点回归分析方法,分性别研究了我国法定退休年龄制度下,退休对职工健康的影响及其影响机制。研究发现,退休使男性自评健康为"健康"的概率提高了25个百分点,女性患慢性病的概率降低26个百分点。进一步的机制分析表明,退休后社交几率显著增加是男性职工退休后健康水平提高的原因,但不是女性慢性病概率降低的原因。研究结果为制定我国延迟退休年龄政策及弹性退休制度提供了健康维度的参考依据。

Based on the data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011 and 2013, the effect of retirement on employee health and its influencing mechanism under the legal retirement age system in China were studied by using the instrumental variable and 2 SLS. The results show that retirement improves the self-reported health for males and reduces the probability of chronic disease for females. In terms of mechanisms, it is found that the male increases the odds to social after retirement promoting SAH. The results are important references for making the delaying retirement policy.