“反传统”更是创造性转化的动力——鲁迅“反传统”再评价

“Anti-tradition”: The Driving Force of Creative Transformation——Re-evaluation of Lu Xun’s “Anti-tradition”

鲁迅是五四新文化运动的参与者和推动者,从某种意义上说,对鲁迅的认识关乎整个五四新文化内部结构的理解。针对五四新文化评价中的"泛意识形态化"倾向,已有学者在警示其可能产生负面作用的同时,又从观念、方法论和学术伦理层面加以厘清。在这一过程中,分析的方法和评判的态度被作为五四新文化研究的基本原则得以推行,但是某些重要问题比如所谓鲁迅的"反传统"问题,在这类研究中并未得到解决。鲁迅的"反传统"是以"人"及其"当下"的生存发展为诉求的,其"拿来主义"立场和方法的内核是人和民族的主体性建构问题,这样就打破了古/今、中/外、新/旧、传统/现代的二分法。实质上,在"以自我的发展为根本"这一前提下,是无所谓古今中外的。

As a participator and promoter of the May Fourth New Culture Movement, Lu Xun has a complicated relationship with it. Thus, the evaluation about Lu Xun is related to the understanding of inner structure of the May Fourth New Culture Movement. Some scholars have warned of its possible negative effects and clarified it from the perspective of concept, methodology and academic ethics. In this process, the analytical method and critical attitude have been carried out as the basic principles of the studies on the New Culture Movement. However, some important issues, such as the so-called 'anti-tradition' of Lu Xun, have not been solved yet. Lu Xun’s thought of 'anti-tradition' is based on the appeal of 'people' and people’s survival and development at the time. The core of his 'Fetchism' standpoint and method is the construction of human and national subjectivity, which breaks the dichotomy of 'ancient or modern', 'Chinese or foreign', 'new or old', 'traditional or modern'. In essence, under the premise of putting self-development first, there is no difference at all times and in all countries.