北冰洋与邻近海区海洋–海冰模式的试算与校验

Evaluation of hindcast simulation with the ocean and sea-ice model covering the Arctic and adjacent oceans

本文将目前先进的大尺度海洋、海冰模式(NEMO3.6和LIM3)应用于北大西洋–北冰洋–北太平洋(简称NAPA),并进行了试验后报模拟。所建立的模式NAPA1/4和NAPA1/12的水平分辨率分别为(1/4)°和(1/12)°经、纬度,计算范围覆盖太平洋45°N以北海区、整个北冰洋及北大西洋;其中,NAPA1/4和NAPA1/12在北大西洋的边界分别为26°N和7°N。目前,已利用NAPA1/4完成了1993–2015年的后报模拟。本文基于观测数据和已发表文献对模拟结果中的北冰洋海冰变化、环流结构以及水文特征进行了校验。结果表明,NAPA1/4能够再现北冰洋的主要热力与动力过程,可以用来分析海冰、水团、大西洋/太平洋入/出流等的季节与年际变化规律。利用NAPA1/12进行了1993–1996年的模拟计算。初步结果分析表明,提高分辨率可更为精细地刻画北冰洋的海冰、水团和环流的结构。

Coupled ocean and sea-ice models,developed based on Version 3.6 of the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean(NEMO),with the sea-ice component being Version 3 of Louvain-la-Neuve Sea Ice Model(LIM),are applied for hindcast simulations covering the North Atlantic-North Pacific-Arctic Oceans(NAPA).The two model configurations,NAPA1/4 and NAPA1/12,have nominal horizontal resolutions of(1/4)°and(1/12)°in latitude/longitude,respectively.The model domains cover the Pacific Ocean north of 45°N,the whole Arctic,and the North Atlantic north of 26°N for NAPA1/4 and 7°N for NAPA1/12.A decade-long hindcast from 1993 to 2015 using NAPA1/4 has been completed.The hindcast results of sea-ice,circulation and hydrography variations in the Arctic Ocean are evaluated with available observational data and previously published results.The evaluation suggests that NAPA1/4 possesses reasonable skills in reproducing the key thermal and dynamic processes,and can be applied to study the seasonal and inter-annual variations of sea-ice,water masses,and Atlantic/Pacific inflows/outflows.Preliminary analysis of the NAPA1/12 hindcast during 1993-1996 suggests that increasing horizontal resolution simulates more details of the spatial structures of sea-ice,water-mass properties,and ocean circulation.