X射线法测量石英方解石的轴面异性及其在岩体应力测量中的应用

Heterogeneity of Axial Surface of Quartz and Calcite Measured by X-ray Diffraction Technique and Its Application to Rock Stress Test

矿物晶体的力学性质一般为各向异性。在岩体现今应力测量和残余应力测量中,国际上使用的X射线法。由于测量方法的困难,在原理上仍以岩体力学性质为各向同性的假设为前题,在技术上也以岩体各向同性弹性理论为基础,形成各国都在使用的sin^2ψ法。本文对石英和方解石晶体力学性质方向性的进一步研究。使得岩体力学性质由各向同性假设步入正交异性的新水平,成为用X射线法在正交异性岩体中进行应力测量的基本依据,使应力测量从原理到技术都建立在正交异性弹性理论的基础上,这较为符合岩体的实际情况,并提高了测量的准确性。

When the mechanical properties of quartz and calcite crystals are measured by X-ray diffraction technique in laboratory, the axial surface heterogeneity of the hexo-symmetric axis appears. This makes the method of X-ray Rock Stress Measurement to have a better theoretical bases,—improved from the elasticity of isotropy to that of perpendicular anisotropy. So that the accuracy and precision of the measurement can be enhanced.