全球定位技术在三峡库区滑坡监测中的应用

GPS Technique and its Application in Monitoring of Landslides in the Three-Gorges Reservoir

一、前言我国是世界上地质灾害最为严重的国家之一。近十年来,地质灾害每年造成人员伤亡数以千计,经济损失逾百亿元。三峡工程是一项跨世纪的宏伟工程,同时,它也可能是在人类活动胁迫下,引起最大的地球表层自然环境变化的工程。三峡库区人口众多,长期过度开垦,水土流失严重,两岸植被覆盖率已降至5%,地质环境容量极为有限。三峡工程建成后,将形成长600多公里,宽1~2km,面积1084km^2的狭长河道形水库。库区水位较之常年升高超过90m,淹没陆域面积632km^2,涉及两座城市,21个县,356个乡,127个城镇,动迁人口120.42万人。当水库按175m水位运行时,

The reservoir water level will rise considerably after the Three-Gorges Dam is built and that might cause a series of geological hazards including landslides. The paper discusses problems pertinent to landslide stability monitoring and study with GPS relative measurement technique in the reservoir area, and summarizes the methods to improve survey accuracy based on the practice with the GPS networks of Wanzhou District, Chongqing city.