国家政治的法理:以合法性概念为核心的分析

Fali in Politics: An Analysis Based on the Concept of Legitimacy

在法理成为法理学的中心主题和中国法学共同关注的新时代,法理在政治生活和公共生活中也发挥着极其特殊的作用。合法性是国家政治法理的核心议题。合法性范畴的法理意蕴不仅基于一定的文化传统和价值观念,体现民众对于政治体系正当性的认同;而且包含了在现代宪制结构下,政治制度和政治行为法治化、规范化的实践过程;以及民众对于政治治理的实际效果、社会正义实现程度、公民权利保障诉求的综合认知。政治发展中的合法性危机主要源自社会转型时期经济发展、社会治理与政治认同的复合效应,其法理重建须着眼于提升对政治制度的法理认同,强化对政治过程的法治规范,建构政治有效性的法理基础。

In the new era when Fali has become the central theme of jurisprudence and the common concern of Chinese legal science,Fali also plays a very special role in political and public life. Legitimacy is the core issue of Fali in politics. The Fali in the category of legitimacy is not only based on certain cultural traditions and values,but also reflects the people’s recognition of the legitimacy of the political system;it also includes the practice of legalization and standardization of political behavior under the modern constitutional structure,and the comprehensive cognition of the actual effect of political governance,the degree of realization of social justice,and the protection of civil rights. The legitimacy crisis in political development mainly comes from the compound effect of economic development, social governance and political identity in the period of social transformation. Its reconstruction by Fali must focus on improving the recognition of the political system at the Fali,strengthening the regulation of political process through the rule of law,and constructing political validity based on Fali.