论我国契约法理体系的构成:来源、原则与教义

Constituent Elements of Contract Fali System in China: Sources,Principles and Doctrines

根据契约法理的抽象程度不同,我国契约法理可以分为三个层面:理论来源、基本原则和法律教义。三个层面的契约法理之间具有融贯性、一致性,共同构成了一个被我国契约实在法所认可的由抽象到具体的法理体系。作为理论来源的契约法理,我国大多数学者支持温和的道义论;作为基本原则的契约法理,其构建了契约法的价值体系。我国契约法学术界和实务界所认可的契约法的价值体系为:契约自由的优先性、契约公平的制衡性、契约效益的附属性。契约法教义是具体契约规则背后具有支配性地位的原理,其勾连了基本原则和契约规则,使契约原则得以具体化,让契约规则的价值承载得以体现。

Contract Fali can be divided into three types: theoretical sources,basic principles and legal doctrines according to the different levels of abstraction. There are coherence and consistency among the three levels of contract Fali,which together constitute a legal system from abstract to concrete recognized by the positive contract law in China. On contract Fali as theoretical sources,the majority of Chinese scholars agree with moderate deontology. On contract Fali as basic principles,we can summarize the following principle system: the priority of contract freedom,the balance of contract fairness,and the dependence of contract effectiveness. The doctrines of contract law are the dominant principle behind specific contract rules,and they can link basic principles and contract rules,make the principle of contract concrete,and embody the values of contract rules.