夫妻团体财产与个人财产的法理构造

Jurisprudential Structure of Marital Group Property and Personal Property

依据法定夫妻财产制的特定价值理念,夫妻彼此创造的财产将在夫妻团体与个人之间进行分配。由于市场经济、个人主义与工具理性的扩张,夫妻团体已演变为'不完全共同体'。《婚姻法》规定的'婚后所得共同制'是建立在'劳动所得'基础上的,其已难以应对近年来婚前个人财产的'资本所得'(典型如孳息与自然增值)所引起的现实困境。婚姻法系列司法解释已显现出个人主义倾向,但仍缺乏系统的理论阐释,抽象性明显不足,而且尚未考虑对弱势方利益(尤其是妇女利益)的维护。故而,应透过'不完全共同体'的理想类型,并立足于该属性,调适因个人主义兴起及禀赋资源多元化引起的与夫妻团体主义的价值冲突,以达到维系夫妻团体关系与回应人格独立需求的多元社会目标。

According to the specific value of the legal marital property system,the property created by husband and wife will be distributed between husband and wife group and individuals.Due to the expansion of market economy,individualism and instrumental rationality,husband-wife group has evolved into'incomplete community'.The'joint system of income after marriage'stipulated in the Marriage Law is based on'income from labor',which has been unable to cope with the practical difficulties caused by'capital income'(typically such as fruits and natural appreciation)of personal property before marriage in recent years.The series of judicial interpretations of marriage law have shown the tendency of individualism,but lack of systematic theoretical interpretation and abstractness.Moreover,the protection of the interests of vulnerable parties,especially women,has not yet been considered.The ideal type of'incomplete community'should be adopted,which not only bases on the attribute of community of husband and wife,but also adjusts the value conflicts caused by the rise of individualism and diversified endowment resources,so as to achieve the diversified social goals of maintaining the group relationship of husband and wife and responding to the needs of personality independence.