为什么环境法需要法典化——基于法律复杂化理论的证成

Towards Codification: The Theoretical Approach of Environmental Law Reform in the New Era

环境法治四十年的环境法律制度变迁,经历了一个从'环境加法时代'到'环境减法时代'的转向。实证研究表明,'环境加法时代'构筑的环境法律体系日益呈现出肥大化、技术化、不统一和不确定的法律复杂化表征,并引发了现实中的制度性交易成本增加、环境决策(或判决)的可接受性减弱、环境法治秩序'液态化'和环境法律的可信赖性降低等机能障碍。在'环境减法时代',环境法法典化议题的形成既非'政治狂欢'亦非'理论幻构',而是旨在通过法典高度的简约性、便捷的适用性、严密的逻辑性和适度的稳定性,来消解环境法律复杂化及其附带的复杂性机能障碍。编纂引领新时代生态文明建设的环境法典正当其时。

The change of environmental law system in the past 40 years has experienced a transition from'the era of increasing environmental law'to'the era of reducing environmental law'.Empirical research shows that,in the era of increasing environmental law,the environmental legal system has showed the features of legal complexity,such as enlargement,technicality,disunity and uncertainty.It also leads to functional obstacles such as the increase of institutional transaction costs,the weakening of acceptability of environmental decision-making(or judgment),the liquidity of environmental legal order and the decrease of credibility of environmental law.The codification of environmental law in the era of reducing environmental law is neither a political carnival nor theoretical assumption.It aims at eliminating the complexity of environmental law and its complicate functional obstacles through the simplicity,convenient applicability,rigorous logic and moderate stability of the Code.It is time to compile the environmental code that will lead the construction of ecological civilization in the new era.